Disabilities Essay Download Pdf - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 965 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Education Essay Type Review Tags: Disability Essay Did you like this example? Education: Issues and Inequalities A large number of children are being deprived of their right to study. Education is important to be able to build a better nation. However there are some cases wherein children are being banned from going to school because of their disability. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Disabilities Essay Download Pdf" essay for you Create order Issues are arising and they need to be answered. Inequalities, especially in education, are not acceptable. This paper is about the strengths and weaknesses of inclusion and integration policies and support for children with special educational needs. To fully understand the subject it is best to define the issues and concepts involved. A review on research and studies done on education for special children will be presented. In the article written by Anastasia Vlachou (2008) she shows awareness on teachers to change their view regarding inclusion. Integration has been reported that requires change, creates discomfort and involves a considerable challenge to those whose careers, work and social relationships reinforce a segregated system. According to Vlachou (2008), it would be naÃÆ' ¯ve to believe that integration policy will happen as part of a natural evolution in attitudes towards students with special needs. Vlachou (2008) article will be discussed in the literat ure review together with the study done by several researchers. At the end of the paper the personal view of the writer regarding the subject will be presented. The inequalities and issues will be summarized to support the writers claim in the conclusion. Definition of Terms To fully understand what the topic is, it is best to define the important terms used in the paper. Inclusion as defined in the Webster dictionary à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" to put in or consider as part of a group or category. McBrien and Brandt of Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development define inclusion as based on the situation of the disabled child in school. The practice of educating children in one classroom, including children with physical, mental, and developmental disabilities is important. Inclusion classes often require a special assistant to the classroom teacher. The 1975 Education for All Handicapped Children Act (P.L. 94-142) made inclusion a controversial topic by requiring a free and appropriate education with related services for each child in the least restrictive environment possible, and an Individualized Education Program (IEP) for each qualifying child. In 1991, the bill was renamed the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and the revision broadened the definition of disabilities and added related services. (Hummel,2008). Another definition of inclusion is defined in the website of teachernet.com. One of the greatest challenges facing schools is the provision of appropriate learning opportunities for all pupils (www.teachernet.com). Within schools there are pupils with a range of abilities from different cultures, religions and social backgrounds. Some of these pupils experience barriers to learning as a result of their disability, heritage, gender, special educational need, ethnicity, social group, sexual orientation, race or culture. Research has proved that children from lower socio-economic backgrounds and/or specific ethnic and social groups are more likely to underachieve at school. This may lead to disaffection, low self-esteem, and marginalisation by others and, in some cases, formal exclusion from school. (www.teachernet.com). Some schools are more successful than others in meeting th e needs of pupils from diverse backgrounds. Mason, H. (2003) of Birminghan, UK presented process of inclusion in education: Increasing the participation of students with disabilities in, and reducing their exclusion from, curricula and communities of local schools; Restructuring the cultures, policies and practices in schools so that they respond to the diversity of students needs; Accepting diversity as normal and as a rich source for all students; Responding to the diverse needs of all students; Accommodating both different styles and rates of learning; Ensuring the quality of education to all students through appropriate curricula, support and teaching strategies; Accepting that inclusion in education is one aspect of inclusion in society. Another important term to define is the word integration. Integration traditionally refers to the education of children with special needs in mainstream settings. (Mason,H. 2003). Organ (1993) defines the term integration that pertains to a social domain; it does and should refer to individuals of different background who opt to interact. Review of Literature The review contains the study done by researchers on inclusion and integration policies in education of children with special needs. The article written by Schwartz, Odom and Sandall (1999), includes their research and found out that most of successful inclusive programs view inclusion as that starting point for all children. Children with disabilities are not expected to earn their way into early childhood programs by having the necessary entry skills (e.g. toilet training, communicating in sentences). ( Schwartz, Odom and Sandall, 1999), Programs may need to make special accommodations to make the inclusive experience successful. Jimmy lacked many of the skills that were typical of his four-year-old classmates; but the classroom teacher, itinerant teacher, and assistant teacher, with the help of the other classmates, arranged activities in ways that encouraged and even required Jimmy to participate. (Schwartz, Odom and Sandall,1999), This view of inclusion is based on th e belief that inclusion can be appropriate for all children; making it work successfully depends on planning, training, and support The Language of Learning: A Guide to Education Terms, by J. L. McBrien and R. S. Brandt, 1997, Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development https://www.teachernet.gov.uk https://www.icevi-europe.org/tt/ttw3/topic5.html Dr Heather Mason, Birmingham, UK Publication Date: Wednesday Aug 13, 1997 The true definition of integration Henry Organ https://www.paloaltoonline.com/weekly/morgue/spectrum/1997_Aug_13.GUEST130.html Including Young Children with Special Needs by Ilene S. Schwartz, Samuel L. Odom, and Susan R. Sandall https://www.newhorizons.org/spneeds/inclusion/information/schwartz3.htm#author School Site https://www.atocbkk.com/school_site.php https://www.ccboe.net/Teachers/Hummel_Heather/onlineresources.html

Alternative Energy Essay - 1313 Words

Every day, many fossil fuel consuming contraptions spew out gases that pollute the environment. However, when the fuel supplies for these devices run out, they will grind to a halt. To prevent this, the United States needs to find an alternative to unstable and polluting energy sources before it’s too late (Rouge). It also needs to advance in technological status in order to stay above advancing third-world countries, and retain its current level of hegemony (Glaser). Space Based Solar Power Satellites, which are satellites that collect the sun’s energy and beam it down to the Earth, solve for all these concerns (Rouge). Thus, the United States Federal Government should provide grants for research, development, and implementation of Space†¦show more content†¦In other words, even though other energy sources could solve the energy crisis, none boast the advantages and flexibility that Space Based Solar Power can provide. For example, Solar Power Satellites are e xtremely useful to the military, as they are capable of beaming energy down to any location on the world, and are able to support military operations all over the world. People may argue that the United States does not have the technology to develop Space Based Solar Power, and that it will never get into space (Mankins). However, the technology required is already available. According to Rouge, â€Å"Space Based Solar Power is a complex engineering challenge, but [it] requires no fundamental scientific breakthroughs or new physics to become a reality (Rouge).† If the United States is to prepare for a future energy crisis, it must act now and begin development on Space Based Solar Power. The United States is currently the most powerful nation in the world due to its economy and technological dominance, but may not stay in that position for much longer if the United States doesn’t substantially increase the money being spent for research and development of new technologies. Every year, more and more countries pour money into research, and they begin to develop technology that rivals that of the United States, which reduces the United States’ technologicalShow MoreRelatedAlternative Energy1688 Words   |  7 PagesAre alternative energy sources the answer to ending human dependence on oil? September 24, 2012 Are alternative energy sources the answer to ending human dependence on oil? Right now there is no one substitute for oil because we use it for a variety of things. We can use alternative sources in areas to preserve or conserve our usage of oil. We use to use wood for fires and light. Then in the industrial revolution we began to use coal. â€Å"Coal can provide much more energy over longer periods thanRead More Hydropower as an Alternative Energy Source Essay841 Words   |  4 PagesHydropower as an Alternative Energy Source Water provides a very valuable resource. We use dams built to run water through turbines and produce electricity. There are many advantages and disadvantages to hydropower, though there are more advantages. It is reasonable inexpensive to maintain, and is a clean source. There are issues with dams blocking fish swimming in the river, but there are ways to help them. Hydropower is well balanced between the electricity needs and the needs of the environmentRead MoreAlternative Energy And Renewable Energy1668 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout the 20th and 21st century, our knowledge about the environment and energy has steadily grown, as well as our dependence on them. Nowadays, power and electricity are in every facet of our daily lives. Due to this, we overlook several negative effects our traditional use of fossil fuels have caused. Fossil fuels are fuel deposits that were formed hundreds of millions of years ago, which is where the term fossil fuels come from. The two most common fos sil fuels currently in use are coal andRead MoreAlternative Energy : Renewable Energy1785 Words   |  8 Pagescurrent energy usage, which is fossil fuels, is not sustainable and carries negative effects to the environment. However nothing is perfect, even renewable energy has its fair share of disadvantages. Can alternative (reusable) energy sources such as nuclear, hydrogen, biofuels or solar energy meet the energy demands needed by humans to carry out their everyday tasks such as electricity, commuting, and so on better than fossil fuels such as coal and oil which creates a mast amount of energy today.Read MoreAlternative Energy : Alternative Fuels2099 Words   |  9 PagesAlternative Energy If America makes the change to renewable fuels, it could take hundreds of years to undo the indirect damage that will be triggered. The amount of pollution that would be emitted by harvesting new fuels is as devastating as not switching at all (Grunwald). The processes for acquiring these alternatives create pollution that will destroy our environment. It is counterproductive to use renewable energy, if it does not enhance the current situation. Many people are supportive ofRead MoreAlternative Energy: Solar Energy1323 Words   |  5 PagesIn the world today, alternative energy source which is an alternative to fossil fuel and nuclear energy is becoming more and more of a necessity. Right now, the world’s population growth has caused an increase in the energy demand. Rosenberg (2009) pointed out that the world’s current growth rate is about 1.14%, representing a doubling time of 61 years. OECDs International Energy Agency[IEA] (2014) found that from 2011 to 2035 th e world energy demand is likely to rise by more than two-thirds. ThoughRead MoreAlternative Energy Essay1333 Words   |  6 PagesModern alternative energy generation methods are limited by several factors including efficiency, inability to respond to sudden changes in power demand, and susceptibility to environmental events. In 2010 the leading renewable energy sources were hydro-electric, wind, bioenergy, geothermal, and solar Photo Voltaic (PV)[1]. Of these, hydroelectric made up 82% of the renewable resource energy generation, while the other means all contributed about equally. These relationships can be seen clearly inRead MoreNew And Alternative Sources Of Energy1311 Words   |  6 Pages Today s society uses enormous amounts of energy. *The shadow of our presence on this planet is a result of generations upon generations of production and utilization of energy*. New and alternative sources of energy are being developed to replace the declining accessibility of coal and fossil fuels. Use of renewable energy is a key component in combatting the climate change that has become a major issue in the 21st century. Reducing our impact on the climate as a result of greenhouse gas emissionsRead MoreAlternative Energy : Renewable Energy966 Words   |  4 PagesAlternative Energy. What is it? Alternative energy: energy generated in ways that do not deplete natural resources or harm the environment, avoiding the use of fossil fuels and nuclear power (Google Definition). ALternative energy is the way to go: it is cleaner than Fossil Fuels and Nuclear Power, it works with the environment, and is benefitial to the community. First off, the majority of the world, 80% of the United States uses Nuclear power or Fossil Fuels as a source of energy and electricityRead MoreImplementation Of Geothermal Energy As An Alternative Energy1459 Words   |  6 PagesTitle : Implementation Of Geothermal Energy As An Alternative Energy AHMAD HAFIZUDDIN BIN ISMAIL (EC15132) FIRDAUS BIN MAT SHUKRI (EC15133) MUHAMMAD SUHAIMI BIN MOKHTAH (EC) AMAR FAISSAL BIN KAMARUDDIN (EC15134) Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PAHANG (UMP), 26600 PEKAN, PAHANG, MALAYSIA Abstract This report presents an alternative energy is any energy source that from fossil fuel. We need to turn to alternative energy in general. Firstly, we were in danger

Call Center Manager Free Essays

The BCG matrix method is based on the product life cycle theory that can be used to determine what priorities should be given in the product portfolio of a business unit. To ensure long-term value creation, a company should have a portfolio of products that contains both high-growth products in need of cash inputs and low-growth products that generate a lot of cash. It has 2 dimensions: market share and market growth. We will write a custom essay sample on Call Center Manager or any similar topic only for you Order Now The basic idea behind it is that the bigger the market share a product has or the faster the product’s market grows, the better it is for the company. Placing products in the BCG matrix results in 4 categories in a portfolio of a company: †¢ Cash Cow – a business unit that has a large market share in a mature, slow growing industry. Cash cows require little investment and generate cash that can be used to invest in other business units. †¢ Star – a business unit that has a large market share in a fast growing industry. Stars may generate cash, but because the market is growing rapidly they require investment to maintain their lead. If successful, a star will become a cash cow when its industry matures. Question Mark (or Problem Child) – a business unit that has a small market share in a high growth market. These business units require resources to grow market share, but whether they will succeed and become stars is unknown. †¢ Dog – a business unit that has a small market share in a mature industry. A dog may not require substantial cash, but it ties up capital that could better be deployed elsewhere. Unless a dog has some other strategic purpose, it should be liquidated if there is little prospect for it to gain market share. pic] Some limitations of the Boston Consulting Group Matrix include: †¢ High market share is not the only success factor †¢ Market growth is not the only indicator for attractiveness of a market †¢ Sometimes Dogs can earn even more cash as Cash Cows The BCG Matrix method can help understand a frequently made strategy mistake: having a one-size-fits-all-approach to strategy, such as a generic growth target (9 percent per year) or a generic return on capital of say 9. % for an entire corporation. In such a scenario: A. Cash Cows Business Units will beat their profit target easily; their management have an easy job and are often praised anyhow. Even worse, they are often allowed to reinvest substantial cash amounts in their businesses which are mature and not growing anymore. B. Dogs Business Units fight an impossible battle and, even worse, investments are made now and then in hopeless attempts to ‘turn the business around’. C. As a result (all) Question Marks and Stars Business Units get mediocre size investment funds. In this way they are unable to ever become cash cows. These inadequate invested sums of money are a waste of money. Either these SBUs should receive enough investment funds to enable them to achieve a real market dominance and become a cash cow (or star), or otherwise companies are advised to disinvest and try to get whatever possible cash out of the question marks that were not selected. How to cite Call Center Manager, Papers

Decision Making Profitability of the Organization

Question: Discuss about theDecision Making for Profitability of the Organization. Answer: Introduction: As an organization starts expanding, the organizational problems may start intensifying thereby threatening the profitability of the organization. The same is the situation with the Australian organization, Bulla Dairy Foods. Established in the year of 1910, the organization has achieved enormous recognition owing to the production of a variety of dairy products, such as yogurt, ice cream, sour cream, cottage cheese, and imitation cream under various brands. The organization is an example of a family owned business, and it is remarkable to mention here that the company has been able to sustain itself in business over six generations. However, at present there has been a remarkable fall in the total sales and revenue earning capacity of the organization. Hence, the following business report intends to identify and examine the management problem of Bulla Dairy Foods (Bulla Dairy Foods 2016). Management Problem: Any organization that is willing to sustain itself in future must ensure that it is capable of solving the management problems. Bulla Dairy Foods must ensure that the organization is capable of performing the basic management functions (Australia 2014); otherwise there will be a remarkable reduction in the production and efficiency of the organization. It has been observed that Bulla Dairy Foods has been encountering a serious management problem, which if remains uncontrolled, may lead to the downfall and gradual decline of the organization (Marinov 2013). Human capital, apart from financial capital, plays an integral role in contributing to the organizational success of any company. However, in case of Bulla Dairy Foods, it has been observed that the management authority of the organization has been incapable of motivating the employees in an effective manner, as a result of which the organization is encountering a potential challenge in retaining the talented ad skillful workforce. Further, in addition to this, due to lack of employee motivational strategies, the employees are losing enthusiasm to work efficiently. Apart from this, Bulla Dairy Foods does not engage the employees through various programs, workshops and seminars, and as such the employees are unable to bridge the communication gap between the employer and themselves (Devito et al. 2016). Employee development and employee motivation is an area that is highly neglected by the authority of the organization. The major challenge that is impeding the further growth of the or ganization is that being a family-owned business, it has dysfunctional work culture, whereby the ownership of the organization has passed from one generation to the other, without any change in the mission or strategy of the organization. As a result, the owners and the management authority of the organization are unable to adopt the innovative motivational strategies matching the changing demands and the expectations of the employees. The introduction of flexible working hours or lucrative incentive schemes, or the increment in salary and other promotional strategies, can assist the organization in engaging and retaining the employees, while at the same time aligning the organizational strategy with the personal interest of the employees (Lăzăroiu 2015). Research Questions: The research questions that the report intends to examine are as follows: Does the organization offer lucrative salary package and incentive scheme to its employees? Does the management authority of Bulla Dairy Foods keep on periodically re-assessing and revising the salary structure of the employees? How often does the management authority of the organization engage the employees in explaining to them the duties and job roles assigned to them, by arranging seminars and workshops? What is the employee turnover ratio? How many employees are considering the need of leaving the organization and what is the reason behind the same? Research Program: The research is being conducted in order to analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of the motivational strategies present in Bulla Dairy Foods. Hence, the research adopts both the qualitative as well as the quantitative method of approach; while the qualitative method of research employs structured interview and literature review as the means of analyzing the present situation, the quantitative method of research employs the use of questionnaire survey to comprehend the expectations of the employees from the management authority of Bulla Dairy Foods (Silverman 2016). It should be remembered here that the interview is conducted as it helps in investigating the motivational strategies adopted by the employers, and to understand the effectiveness of the same, by considering the perspective of the employees over the matter. On the other hand, the questionnaire survey is useful in gaining a statistical data, as to how many employees is unwilling or even unenthusiastic working in the organ ization (Flick 2015). Data Collection: The data is being collected by employing both qualitative as well as the quantitative research method. Literature review is an essential part of the research process, as it helps in analyzing ad evaluating the present situation in the light of the studies conducted by different researchers over the last decade (Panneerselvam 2014). While reviewing and assessing the scholarly papers and literary articles, Bulla Dairy Foods will be able to explore the relation between employee motivation and increasing rate of employee productivity in an organization. The scholarly papers reviewed, helps in comprehending how different recognized multinational as well as Australian organizations, such as Woolworths, Google or Microsoft motivate their employees and thereby increase employee productivity. However, the structured interview is also being arranged, whereby 5 HR managers and 7 employees of Bulla Dairy Foods, are being interviewed, to understand the employee as well as the employer perspective s over the motivational strategies adopted by the organization (Brinkmann 2014). The questionnaire survey is also being conducted, whereby 30 employees of the organization are being asked to answer questions that are directly related to their personal experience in serving the organization (Gast and Ledford 2014). Data Analysis: The literary journals reviewed clearly showed that there is a direct relation between motivating the employees, and increasing the efficiency level of the employees. From the interview, it is understood that the Bulla Dairy Foods offers a very few lucrative scheme, that hardly fails to attract the attention of the employees. There is hardly any salary hike, and further the employees, who are the family members of the owner, working in the organization, are always being prioritized while granting promotion. Out of the 7 employees interviewed, 5 employees were being recorded stating that the unequal treatment at workplace largely de-motivates them. Besides, 7 of these employees complained that though the salary package offered at the beginning is quite high, the organization does not offer increment benefits or any kind of loyalty bonus to the senior employees. The Human Resource Managers in the interview session stated that the organization provides high salary package at the start, w hich is much higher than any organization in the industry, and hence the organization does not consider the need of revising the salary structure at periodical intervals (Dasseh and Yousef 2016). Again, in the questionnaire survey conducted, it was being observed that 27 of the employees expressed their reluctance in joining their service the organization, owing to the absence of basic motivational factors in the organization, such as recognition and appraisal, sound pension plan, health insurance, disability insurance, or any kind of career development opportunities (Kirmani 2015). Recommendation: The importance of employee motivation cannot be overemphasized. As it has been observed from the interview as well as the survey response, the employees of the organization are unable to focus on their goals for two primary reasons- There is a striking absence of any motivational program that can encourage the employees to accomplish their goals in a given period. The organization does not organize regular meetings and interactive sessions with the employees, and hence the employees are being rendered absolutely directionless regarding the mission and the immediate goals of the organization. It should be noted here that Bulla Dairy Foods has a huge number of competitors in the Australian as well as international market, such as Lion Dairy, and hence the organization must ensure that its employees are motivated enough to help the organization effectively implement its strategies (Porter et al. 2016). It has been observed that the organization does not reward any employee for their outstanding contribution, and hence it is advised that the organization must introduce an appraisal program whereby an employee will be financially rewarded as well as recognized for his extraordinary contribution or innovative idea in the organization. Further, the organization must try to create a valued relation with its consumers, by valuing their contribution towards the success of the organization. Bulla Dairy Foods should introduce training programs that will help the employees enhance and nurture their professional as well as communication skills (Mikkelsen et al. 2014). This will not on ly help in increasing the sincerity, efficiency and productivity of the employees, but will also increase the loyalty of the employees towards the organization. Besides, it has been observed that the management authority of Bulla Dairy Foods, does not organize the workshops and seminars that helps in regular interaction and exchange of information and thoughts between the employer and the employees. It should be remembered that these workshops can help an organization in aligning their strategies and missions, with the professional goals of the employees. The management authority of Bulla Dairy Foods must organize regular staff meetings, at least once in each week, so that the managers can successfully and efficiently communicate the strategies and the goals of the organization. Further, the organization must ensure that with the introduction of each new strategy, goal or change, it announces rewards so as to allure the employees into accomplishing the tasks. It has been observed th at the organization offers high salary at the beginning and does not revise the salary structure and hence it fails to motivate the employees. It is advised here that the organization should hire the employees in lieu of a moderate salary package, and it keeps on revising the salary scheme at regular intervals, so as to keep on encouraging the employees to work harder. Further, it is important for Bulla Dairy Foods to offer long term benefits to the employees, such as the sound pension schemes, or health benefits and disability schemes so that the organization can enjoy long-term commitment from the employees (Klarner et al. 2013). Another major flaw in the management system of the organization is that the higher designations are being offered to the family members of the owners, and not to the deserving employees of the organization. This process of offering promotion must be stopped as it discourages the employees in pursuing their goals necessary for bringing organizational succe ss (Nam 2012). Conclusion: It should be remembered that employee motivation is one of the major factors that determines the success of the organization. It is important for Bulla Dairy Foods to attract and retain its workforce talent and skills, if it wants to sustain itself in a highly competitive market. However, Bulla Dairy Foods has not been able to adopt the effective motivational strategies that can potentially attract and retain the employees, and consequently the employees are gradually losing enthusiasm to work efficiently for the organization. Hence, it is important to keep on recognizing and rewarding the employees for their good work through the introduction of bonus pools, reward recognition and appraisal programs. Reference List: Australia, D., 2014. Australian Dairy Industry.Dairy Australia. Available online: www. dairyaustralia. com. au/Industry-information-About-the-industry. aspx. Brinkmann, S., 2014.Interview(pp. 1008-1010). Springer New York. Bulla Dairy Foods., 2016.Bulla, made with care and shared with love | Bulla Dairy Foods. [online] Bulla.com.au. Available at: https://www.bulla.com.au/ [Accessed 20 Sep. 2016]. Dasseh, M. and Yousef, M., 2016. The Role of Organizational Design in Enhancing Employee Motivation in Saudi Arabia. Devito, L., Brown, A., Bannister, B., Cianci, M. and Mujtaba, B., 2016. Employee Motivation based on the Hierarchy of Needs, Expectancy and the Two-Factor Theories Applied with Higher Education Employees.International Journal of Advances in Management, Economics and Entrepreneurship,3(1), p.20. Flick, U., 2015.Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research project. Sage. Gast, D.L. and Ledford, J.R., 2014.Single case research methodology: Applications in special education and behavioral sciences. Routledge. Kirmani, S.S., 2015.The role of employee motivation in the relationship between personality traits and employee job performance(Doctoral dissertation, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Management). Klarner, P., Treffers, T. and Picot, A., 2013. How companies motivate entrepreneurial employees: the case of organizational spin-alongs.Journal of Business Economics,83(4), pp.319-355. Lăzăroiu, G., 2015. Employee Motivation and Job Performance.Linguistic and Philosophical Investigations, (14), pp.97-102. Marinov, A., 2013. Problems in the organization of the system for financial management and control in the State Reserve and War-Time Stocks State Agency.Macedonian Journal of Animal Science,3(1), pp.97-108. Mikkelsen, M.F., Jacobsen, C.B. and Andersen, L.B., 2014. Managing employee motivation: Exploring the connections between managers' enforcement of command systems, employee perceptions, and employee intrinsic motivation.International Public Management Journal. Nam, V.T.P., 2012.Needs satisfaction as a way used to motivate Panneerselvam, R., 2014.Research methodology. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. Porter, T.H., Riesenmy, K.D. and Fields, D., 2016. Work environment and employee motivation to lead: Moderating effects of personal characteristics.American Journal of Business,31(2), pp.66-84. Silverman, D. ed., 2016.Qualitative research. Sage.